SCCT is concerned with ESs as a predictor of DS. J. Psychol. Thus, hypothesis 6a is accepted. The results also yielded theoretically unexpected findings; PTs role and their importance in explaining all remaining constructs in the modified SCCT model. Career Assess. J. Vocat. Some limitations must be considered and their possible implications on the findings are deliberated. However, despite this assertion . Software, posit two predictions (Lent, et al., 1994, pp. The results demonstrated support for the alternative model of SCCT in predicting life satisfaction. There are a number of Career Development theories, but no one theory is comprehensive. All dimensions of SCCT, though, were significantly linked (i.e., 95% CI excluded 0). Hence: Lent [46] uncovered that ESs, which comprise goal-relevant assets, modeling, and inspiration, is associated with affecting GP (r = .23). SCCT values the role of psychological factors (interests, abilities, values), social factors (e.g., socioeconomic status, gender, race), and economic factors (e.g., employment opportunities, training opportunities, etc.) It has received extensive consideration from researchers whereby many of them have placed the model on the career growth of school and university students [27]. The constructs included in this meta-analysis are limited to constructs for which appropriate data are accessible. Inconsistencies in the scores were settled after the debate between the two researchers. Strengths and Limitations of Social Cognitive Theory The social cognitive theory created by psychologist Albert Bandura has strengths as well as limitations. J. The boundaryless career as a new employment principle, in The Boundaryless Career, eds M. B. Arthur, and D. M. Rousseau (New York: Oxford University Press), 320. Also, domain satisfaction reflects the extent to which objective conditions in a particular area of life match individuals respective needs or aspirations [79]. Concerned with important human social behaviors. Many of them have investigated a particular outcome, such as academic performance [24], choice goals [25], and career functioning [26]. Lents normative model of well-being (see Fig 1) offers cognitive, behavioral, environmental, and personality elements that regulate individuals DS [36, 45]. Social Cognitive Theory. Yes Methodology, Focused on important theoretical issues, e.g., role of reward in learning, the stability of behavior. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Proactive Personality and Career Decision-Making Self-E cacy Social cognitive career theory has been developed to provide a unifying framework for a better understanding of how people generate vocational interests, make relevant choices, and pursue career success [22]. Lent [20] stated that goals may encourage an individuals feeling of satisfaction by activating optimistic responses in reaction to his/her perceived progress on an appreciated goal. Therefore: ESs as contextual affordances can facilitate an individuals vocational option and growth [35]. Remember, if the question asks you to evaluate a theory, in addition to evaluating the research, you should have one solid paragraph that looks at the strengths and limitations of the theory. Citation: Mohd Rasdi R, Ahrari S (2020) The applicability of social cognitive career theory in predicting life satisfaction of university students: A meta-analytic path analysis. South Afr. Krumboltz's theory offers insight on how to deal with the limited degree of control we have over some career experiences. Developing and evaluating the effectiveness of mobile phone-based career intervention for career competencies of Malaysian public managers: protocol for a mixed method study. The structural model showed that PTs ( = .333, p-value = 0.000) were positively associated with SE. Furthermore, Lent [14] found that SE will directly affect the kinds of interests that a person will grow. doi: 10.1002/cdq.12110, Hirschi, A., Niles, S. G., and Akos, P. (2011). Lent and Brown [28] mentioned that Heller, Watson, and Ilies [32] research is one of the bases for the satisfaction model. (2002). Topics, trends, and features of career education research in international academic community. Linda Gottfredson - circumscription and compromise. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. However, qualitative assessment methods may be complicated, especially for special groups. Gibbons and Shoffner [39] acclaimed SCCT as most promising as it embraces constructs that explain disparities in environmental opportunities along with individuals beliefs about the environment. The basic building blocks of their model are: Both self-efficacy and outcomes expectations are closely linked. Schaub and Tokar (2005) verified the relationship between Big Five personality, career learning experiences, self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and interest. Specific to our research questions are the The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. This finding is in line with Loewes [93] study, which proved DS as an antecedent of life satisfaction. This stress leads to many undesirable results such as anxiety, isolation, and low self-confidence [3], which might influence their mental health. Corrections. Data Availability: There are some legal restrictions on sharing the data for the present study. 99, 107117. However, these interventions must be offered very cautiously because particular features of well-being (e.g., life satisfaction) may be more changeable and vulnerable to nonpersonality effects than the present study and other studies assumed [108]. are the three core concepts (Buthelezi et al., 2010). 45, 79122. The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research . related goals. J. Vocat. SCCT helps immigrant high school students to prevent dropouts, promote academic success, and foster college and career readiness through a combination of academic support and increased critical consciousness (McWhirter et al., 2019). Psychol. J. This confirmed Lents [44] study of the non-significant association between OEs and DS. According to Lent and Brown [30], ESs as reinforcement, modeling, and positive feedback provide assets to individuals that can increase the sense of satisfaction [20]. make occupational choices. This is the model as a blend of the top-down and bottom-up approaches toward describing subjective well-being [32]. Lent and Brown [28] characterized life satisfaction as having trait-like features (p. 243). People are viewed as so dynamic that it is difficult to implement the theory in its entirety. For university students, academic GP was predictive of enrolment and persistence in academic majors [35]. In practice, this means that if an individual engages in an activity they feel they are good at and they expect positive outcomes from, they are more likely to set higher level goals for participating more in this activity. Silva et al. Sheu et al. While the extended SCCT employs the term work satisfaction, this is meant to generally comprise other forms of satisfaction as well. Considering the role of individual cognitive variables (self-efficacy and outcome expectations), learning experiences, and personal interests on career development, SCCT focuses on not only environmental but also individual factors that influence one's career decision making (Lent et al., 1994). Build on the designated score, studies were categorized as low (04), moderate (59), or high (1014) quality. The quality assessment tool was employed to check four key parts of the study: design, sample selection, instrument, and data analysis. They also inspected article references and searched for authors by name. The subsequent data were obtained: authors, publication year, aim, country, variables, sample size, and mean age (see Table 3 for further detail). Hence, hypothesis 4a is accepted. After removing GP and OEs, the second model (Model II) includes ESs, SE, DS, PTs, and life satisfaction. The theory provides a framework for understanding how people actively shape and are shaped by their environment. J. Garriott, P. O., Flores, L. Y., Prabhakar, B., Mazzotta, E. C., Liskov, A. C., and Shapiro, J. E. (2014). (Theory of Work Adjustment) TWA theory includes an emphasis on how satisfactory a worker is to an employer. (2014), which examined the relations of high school students' learning experiences, self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and interests. Counsel. (2) Process: To identify difficulties with the decision-making process, such as choice anxiety, Interpersonal conflict, and low decision-making self-efficacy. Thus, they have started to call for the combination of PTs into any model assessing the backgrounds of academic and career options. Moreover, in terms of the methodological . doi: 10.1016/j.jvb.2004.09.005, Sheu, H., Bin, L.ent, R. W., Brown, S. D., Miller, M. J., Hennessy, K. D., and Duffy, R. D. (2010). Is the Subject Area "Metaanalysis" applicable to this article? Social cognitive theory posits that goals are importantly tied to both self-efficacy and outcome expectations: People tend to set goals that are consistent with their views of their personal capabilities and of the outcomes they expect to attain from pursuing a particular course of action. Every average weighted correlation (r+) was meaningfully varied from zero (p < .001). (1994) indicated that contextual variables influence individuals' career interests and choices by shaping learning experiences in SCCT. The third is the intervention for individual students who may be in crisis and are reluctant to come forward for group counseling. As revealed in Fig 4, ESs were significant in justifying the proportion of SE ( = .226, p-value = 0.000). SE as a fundamental part of ones life provides a vital advantage in terms of social and career development [41]. Second, studies were excluded if they did not meet all of the inclusion standards, or if inadequate data were available for calculation. The current results showed that PTs could significantly influence ESs ( = .331, p-value = 0.000). Explains how people use society and the opinions of others, to seek verification of their thoughts, beliefs and opinions (Bandura, 2001). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237838.t006. Career Development is the process by which a person's career identity is formed from childhood through a lifetime. How would you personally be able to use SCCT in your day to day work, either as a reflective tool for work with individual clients, your work generally or within interventions? By means of the self system, individuals exercise control over their thoughts, feelings, and actions. Derived from Albert Bandura's Self-Efficacy Theory and General Social Cognitive Theory (Lent, 2013), SCCT develops into a comprehensive career theory that argues that an individual's career path results from the interaction between multiple career elements since it was proposed by Lent et al. The social cognitive career theory (SCCT) would be effective in providing Ronald with career counseling. Visualization, Drawing on social capital theory, this study investigated the effects of structural, cognitive and relational family social capital on employees' career advancement through the mechanism of family-to-work enrichment (FWE), taking perceived organizational politics (POP) as a moderator.,Survey data were collected from 252 full-time employees . Lent and Brown6 demonstrated the SCCT model and provided information for developing an instrument to measure components of the SCCT model. Social cognitive theory is susceptible to change based on the research context, and a modification of the model is necessary to account for the variance in the outcome across many settings . Therefore, hypothesis 2e is accepted. October 12, 2016. J. Vocat. Social cognitive theory distinguishes among three modes of agency: direct personal agency, proxy agency that relies on others to act on one's behest to secure desired outcomes, and collective agency exercised through socially coordinative and interdependent effort. In particular, this study used the Q statistic and the I2 statistic, as I2 was more appropriate for meta-analyses with fewer studies [88]. Therefore, SCCT seems to be more applicable to the current boundaryless era. Adolescents' perceived career challenges and needs in a disadvantaged context in South Africa from a social cognitive career theoretical perspective. The study showed that personality affects career interest directly and indirectly through career learning experiences and self-efficacy. This means that self-efficacy and outcome expectations play a central role in this theory. Arthur, M. B., and Rousseau, D. M. (1996). No, Is the Subject Area "Social cognition" applicable to this article? The SCCT approach has the following advantages: firstly, it provides a systematic explanation for career development; secondly, it responds to the development of the times; finally, it focuses on special groups in terms of career counseling. 10, 225232. Effectiveness of a career intervention for empowerment of institutionalized youth. A vital area for further meta-analytic research is the potential mediating role of SCCT variables in the relationship between life satisfaction and more distant constructs, like SE and DS. In addition, the primary forms of career intervention are career class, group career counseling, workshop, computer network system, and individual counseling (Whiston et al., 2017). If you found Bandura difficult to get your head around, this takes it a step further. Development of Basic Career Interests over Time (Lent, et al., 1994, p. 88): Using the same colour coding, the model below highlights cognitive and behavioural influences during childhood and adolescence. 65, 315325. here. Sci. According to Wiese and Freund [42], career development depends partly on external factors but is also determined by personal goals. Besides, this point needs to be reminded that, self-efficacy means a personal judgment of "how well one can execute courses of action required to deal with future situations [100]. 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